![]() ![]() Literacy and childhood education became near universal in Great Britain for the first time. Prosperity rose during the period though debilitating undernutrition continued to exist. The emphasis on morality gave impetus to social reform but also placed restrictions on the liberty of certain groups. Victorian society valued a high standard of personal conduct which reflected across all sections of society. The British Empire expanded during this period and was the predominant power in the world. It participated in various military conflicts mainly against minor powers. The British Empire had relatively peaceful relations with the other great powers. The Great Famine caused mass death in Ireland early in the period. Various liberalising political reforms took place in the UK including expanding the electoral franchise. The era followed the Georgian era and preceded the Edwardian era, and its later half overlaps with the first part of the Belle Époque era of continental Europe. Slightly different definitions are sometimes used. In the history of the United Kingdom and the British Empire, the Victorian era was the period of Queen Victoria's reign, from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901.
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